A Stronger Europe: Building Defence for Uncertain Times

Despite its extensive roles, the European Commission’s influence on EU defence policy is limited by national sovereignty, the strategic direction set by the European Council, and dependence on Member States’ cooperation and funding. Defence policy remains a core aspect of national sovereignty, with EU Member States retaining control over their military and defence decisions. The European Council provides the overall political direction and priorities for the EU, shaping the framework within which the Commission operates. Additionally, the Commission manages the EU budget within the financial framework set by the European Parliament and the Council of the EU, relying on Member States for its implementation.

The new European Commissioner for Defence and Space, Andrius Kubilius, plays a crucial role in strengthening Europe’s defence capabilities amid growing geopolitical instability. His work during this historic first mandate of a European Commissioner for Defence and Space will need to focus on enhancing European capabilities, the European Defence Technological and Industrial Base (EDTIB), the European Defence Fund (EDF), and addressing emerging security challenges.

The EU must define its defence ambition, balancing between continuing the current setup and evolving towards greater strategic autonomy—without replacing NATO. This involves clearly articulating its goals, defining the necessary force structure, and ensuring the ambition is both challenging and achievable. The EU should also be able to communicate its defence aspirations and limitations effectively, so that the European public and international partners understand the importance of defence investments for maintaining security and the European way of life.

The first term of the European Commissioner for Defence and Space should focus on advancing Europe’s collective defence structures, improving cooperation among EU Member States, and establishing the foundations for a cohesive strategy that balances security, defence, and technological progress. To this end, the

Commission should use its legislative powers to drive key initiatives, including accelerating military mobility across the Union, abolishing intra-EU licences for defence goods and services, simplifying access to financing for defence companies, and reviewing and amending EU guidelines on public procurement in defence.